리눅스 종류 확인, 리눅스 버전 확인

방법 1: rpm

rpm -qa *-release

실행예시 (CentOS 6.2)

[root@zetawiki ~]# rpm -qa *-release
centos-release-6-2.el6.centos.7.x86_64

실행예시 (Fedora 11 Leonidas)

[root@zetawiki ~]# rpm -qa *-release
fedora-release-11-1.noarch

실행예시 (Oracle Enterprise Linux Server 5.5)

[root@zetawiki ~]# rpm -qa *-release
enterprise-release-5-0.0.22

실행예시 (SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 11)

zetawiki:~ # rpm -qa *-release
sles-release-11.1-1.152
lsb-release-2.0-1.2.18

방법 2: /etc/*-release

ll /etc/*-release
cat /etc/*-release | uniq

실행예시 (CentOS 6.2)

[root@zetawiki ~]# ll /etc/*-release
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 27 Dec  9  2011 /etc/centos-release
lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 14 May  7  2012 /etc/redhat-release -> centos-release
lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 14 May  7  2012 /etc/system-release -> centos-release

[root@zetawiki ~]# cat /etc/*-release | uniq
CentOS release 6.2 (Final)

실행예시 (Fedora 11 Leonidas)

[root@zetawiki ~]# ll /etc/*-release
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 29 2009-05-12 07:45 /etc/fedora-release
lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 14 2009-10-29 14:53 /etc/redhat-release -> fedora-release
lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 14 2009-10-29 14:53 /etc/system-release -> fedora-release

[root@zetawiki ~]# cat /etc/*-release | uniq
Fedora release 11 (Leonidas)

실행예시 (Oracle Enterprise Linux Server 5.5)

[root@zetawiki ~]# ll /etc/*-release
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 64 Apr  2  2010 /etc/enterprise-release
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 54 Apr  2  2010 /etc/redhat-release

[root@zetawiki ~]# cat /etc/*-release | uniq
Enterprise Linux Enterprise Linux Server release 5.5 (Carthage)
Red Hat Enterprise Linux Server release 5.5 (Tikanga)

실행예시 (SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 11)

zetawiki:~ # ll /etc/*-release
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root  69 May 12  2010 /etc/SuSE-release
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 110 May  6  2010 /etc/lsb-release

zetawiki:~ # cat /etc/*-release | uniq
SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 11 (x86_64)
VERSION = 11
PATCHLEVEL = 1
LSB_VERSION="core-2.0-noarch:core-3.2-noarch:core-4.0-noarch:core-2.0-x86_64:core-3.2-x86_64:core-4.0-x86_64"

실행예시 (Ubuntu 12.04.3 LTS)

root@ubuntu:~# ll /etc/*-release
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 106 Aug 17 14:46 /etc/lsb-release
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 141 Aug 17 21:47 /etc/os-release

root@ubuntu:~# cat /etc/*-release | uniq
DISTRIB_ID=Ubuntu
DISTRIB_RELEASE=12.04
DISTRIB_CODENAME=precise
DISTRIB_DESCRIPTION="Ubuntu 12.04.3 LTS"
NAME="Ubuntu"
VERSION="12.04.3 LTS, Precise Pangolin"
ID=ubuntu
ID_LIKE=debian
PRETTY_NAME="Ubuntu precise (12.04.3 LTS)"
VERSION_ID="12.04"

방법 3: /etc/issue

명령어

cat /etc/issue

• 배포판의 버전을 가장 쉽게 확인할 수 있는 방법이다.
• 보안 등의 이유로 다른 내용으로 바뀌어 있는 경우도 있다.

실행예시 (CentOS 5.7)

[root@zetawiki ~]# cat /etc/issue
CentOS release 5.7 (Final)
Kernel \r on an \m

실행예시 (Fedora 11)

[root@zetawiki ~]# cat /etc/issue
Fedora release 11 (Leonidas)
Kernel \r on an \m (\l)

실행예시 (Oracle Enterprise Linux 5.5)

[root@zetawiki ~]# cat /etc/issue
Enterprise Linux Enterprise Linux Server release 5.5 (Carthage)
Kernel \r on an \m

실행예시 (SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 11)

zetawiki:~ # cat /etc/issue
 
Welcome to SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 11 SP1  (x86_64) - Kernel \r (\l).

실행예시 (Ubuntu 12.04.3 LTS)

root@ubuntu:~# cat /etc/issue
Ubuntu 12.04.3 LTS \n \l

방법 4: uname (커널 버전)

 리눅스 커널 버전 확인 문서를 참고하십시오.

uname -r

실행예시 (Fedora 11, VM)

[root@zetawiki ~]# uname -r
2.6.30.10-105.2.23.fc11.x86_64

실행예시 (CentOS 5.7, Xen VM)

[root@zetawiki ~]# uname -r
2.6.18-274.3.1.el5xen

실행예시 (SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 11, Xen VM)

zetawiki:~ # uname -r
2.6.32.59-0.7-xen

실행예시 (Ubuntu 12.04.3 LTS)

root@ubuntu:~# uname -r
3.8.0-29-generic

root@ubuntu:~# uname -a
Linux ubuntu 3.8.0-29-generic #42~precise1-Ubuntu SMP Wed Aug 14 16:19:23 UTC 2013 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux

방법 5: /proc/vesrion (커널 버전)

[root@CentOS64 ~]# cat /proc/version
Linux version 2.6.32-358.el6.x86_64 (mockbuild@c6b8.bsys.dev.centos.org) (gcc version 4.4.7 20120313 (Red Hat 4.4.7-3) (GCC) ) #1 SMP Fri Feb 22 00:31:26 UTC 2013